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What is a contraindication for the use of an esophageal stethoscope?

Diabetes Mellitus

Heart failure

Active pulmonary infection

Portal hypertension with varices

The use of an esophageal stethoscope is contraindicated in situations where there is a risk of bleeding or trauma to the esophagus, such as in patients with portal hypertension and varices. In these patients, the esophagus can be engorged with blood vessels that are fragile and prone to rupture. Inserting a stethoscope into the esophagus risks tearing these varices, leading to potentially life-threatening hemorrhage.

In contrast, conditions like diabetes mellitus, heart failure, and active pulmonary infections do not inherently involve this kind of anatomical or physiological risk related to esophageal bleeding. Therefore, they do not represent the same level of contraindication as portal hypertension with varices does when considering the use of an esophageal stethoscope.

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